Bài giảng E-Business and e-Commerce - Chapter 6: Wireless Internet and m-Business

Chapter 6, Wireless Internet and m-BusinessOutline6.1 Introduction6.2 Wireless Devices6.3 m-Business6.4 Wireless Internet Access6.5 Wireless Web Technology 6.5.1 Web Clipping 6.5.2 WAP and WML6.6 Software Applications for Wireless Devices6.7 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs)6.8 Bluetooth6.9 Wireless Communications 6.10 Location Tracking 6.10.1 Global Positioning System 6.10.2 E911 Act6.11 Future of Wireless Internet 6.11.1 Implications for Disabled People 6.11.2 Ultimate Wireless Device6.1 IntroductionWireless technology turns e-business into m-business, or mobile business Current applicationsConduct online transactionsMake purchasesTrade stocksSend e-mail Future applicationsA wireless office, where computers, phones and other office equipment are all networked without cables 6.2 Wireless DevicesWireless developmentFirst-generation wireless technology was the cellular phone Second generation wireless technology, which includes digital cellular phones, is currently in use worldwide Third generation, or 3G technology will enable wireless devices to send and receive data as much as seven times faster than a standard 56K modem Wireless devicesPersonal digital assistants (PDAs)Digital cellular phonesTwo-way pagers 6.2 Wireless DevicesOutside the United States, mobile phones are the preferred medium for getting information and making e-business transactions Service is not universally available and still relatively expensive Limited bandwidth restricts the amount of data that can be sent over the wireless network Wireless devices have significantly smaller memory capacity and less powerful processors than desktop computers 6.3 m-Businessm-Businesse-Business using wireless devices with Internet access B2C marketplaceIncreased conveniences for consumersFrequent, small transactions Receiving news, sports scores, e-mail, coupons and advertisementsB2B marketplaceSalespeople can access product databases and place orders Address customer needs immediately Ordering and billing will be conducted remotely 6.3 m-BusinessBlackberryBlackBerry Exchange Edition BlackBerry Internet Edition 6.3 m-BusinessBlackberry Home Page. (Courtesy of Research in Motion Limited. The Blackberry and RIM families ofrelated marks, images and symbols are the exclusive property of, and trademarks of Research in MotionLimited, used by permission.)6.4 Wireless Internet AccessCode Division Multiple Access (CDMA) Each transmission is assigned a specific channel, giving the transmission the benefit of the entire bandwidth within that channel and reducing the possibility that a connection will be broken Able to assign each transmission on the network a unique code to ensure securityGlobal System for Mobile Communications (GSM) Uses Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) which takes multiple calls and assigns each call to a different time slot on the same radio frequency 6.4 Wireless Internet Access3G technologies EDGECdma2000W-CDMA International Telecommunications Union (ITU)Establishes guidelines for 3GSprint PCSSprint PCSA nationwide network that offers an array of wireless solutions for both business and personal applications The main technology driving the PCS network is CDMA UP.Browser Sprint’s wireless Web browserUsers can view Web sites designed for wireless Web browsers Wireless Web Connection Kit Allows customers to use their PCS phones as modems to connect their laptops to the Internet over the Sprint PCS network Wireless Web Updates GoAmericaGoAmericaWireless Internet service provider Services include Internet access, Web browsing and e-mail capabilities for a variety of wireless devices, including PDAs and two-way pagersGo.Web Wireless Web browser gives users access to e-mail and WebCompresses sites to reduce download time MyGo.Web Allows users to access information specific to their needs 6.5 Wireless Web TechnologyThree technologies are used to provide Web access to wireless devicesWireless Application Protocol (WAP)Web clippingMicrosoft’s Pocket Internet Explorer 6.5.1 Web ClippingWeb clippingAllows users to take relevant pieces of a Web site and deliver it to a wireless device, eliminating excess content and graphicsPalm devices use Web clippingProxy server Lies between client (such as a Web browser) and Web serverQuery is received by a proxy server controlled by the wireless ISPProxy server goes to the Web site and “clips” the necessary data The proxy server transmits the data back to your wireless deviceIf the proxy server does not have the information, it passes the request to the regular server 6.5.1Personal Digital AssistantsPalm VII wireless handheld computerQuery Application Builder (QAB)Web designers build Palm Query Applications (PQAs) to be installed on users’ Palm handheld computers 6.5.1 Personal Digital AssistantsPalm Web Clipping Applications Library. (Courtesy of Palm, Inc.)6.5.1 Personal Digital AssistantsPalm VII Handheld. (Courtesy of Palm, Inc.)6.5.2 WAP and WMLWireless Application Protocol (WAP) Developed by Nokia, Ericsson, Motorola, etc.A set of communication protocols designed to enable different kinds of wireless devices to communicate and access the Internet Designed to standardize development across different wireless technologies worldwide Intended primarily for Internet-enabled digital phones, pagers and other handheld devicesUses Web sites specifically designed for wireless handheld devices that have small screens and low-bandwidth constraints 6.5.2 WAP and WML Wireless Markup Language (WML) The scripting language used to create Web content to be delivered to wireless handheld devices, based on XML Removes “unnecessary” content from Web pagesWML tags are used to “mark up” a Web page to specify how the page should be formatted on a wireless device WML works with the WAP to deliver the contentSimilar to HTML, but it does not require input devicesMicrobrowsersDesigned with limited bandwidth and limited memory requirementsAccess the Web via the wireless Internet6.5.2 WAP and WMLHow wireless Internet works:A WAP gateway, which acts as a proxy server, receives the request, translates it and sends it to the appropriate Internet serverServer responds by sending the requested WML documentThe WAP gateway parses this document's WML (i.e., it analyzes the WML document, checking it for correctness) and sends the proper text to the digital phone DeckA WML documentCardConsists of one user interaction, providing the WML browser with a small, self-contained document for browsing 6.5.2 WAP and WMLRendering a WML document using Nokia’s Browser. (© 2000 Nokia Mobile Phones.)6.6 Software Appliances for Wireless DevicesNo widely accepted standard for wireless development Developers are often required to develop multiple applicationsMicrosoft Pocket Internet ExplorerReformats complete Web pages as they are downloaded from the Internet for display on the Pocket PCAllows Pocket PC users to access most of the content currently available on the Web and eliminates the need to tailor Web content for delivery to handheld devices PacketVideoSpecializes in wireless video technology for mobile devices 6.6 Software Appliances for Wireless DevicesMicrosoft Pocket PC Devices. (Courtesy of Microsoft Corporation, Casio ComputerCo., Ltd., Compaq Corporation, Hewlett Packard and Symbol Technologies, Inc.)6.6 Software Appliances for Wireless DevicesMicrosoft’s Pocket Internet Explorer. (Courtesy of Microsoft Corporationand Compaq Corporation.)6.6 Software Appliances for Wireless DevicesDemo of a video delivered to a wireless device using PacketVideo. (Courtesy of PacketVideo Corporation.)6.7 Wireless Local Area NetworksEasier to install and maintain without disrupting an officeComputers can easily be moved without having to install a new network connection in each locationRadio Frequency WLANs (RF WLANs)Used to network devices at a distanceInfrared and laser WLANs Do not require FCC approvalDo not have the same interference issues Can be used only for short distances6.7 Wireless Local Area NetworksInfrared technologyMore cost efficient than laser technology Equipment has a longer lifespan Technology is less susceptible to weather Reliable and easy to install The system is portable TransceiversSend the signal between the buildings and are linked to the network using fiber-optic cable (used with infrared technology)6.8 BluetoothBluetoothA wireless technology that provides short-range, high-speed voice and data communication between digital devicesConceived by Ericsson in 1994 Provides up to 1 Mbps (megabits per second) of data transfer capability between devices as much as 30 feet apart Can also be used to create wireless offices Bluetooth Special Interest GroupInitially comprising Ericsson, IBM, Intel, Toshiba and NokiaDeveloped an open specification for the technology and to encouraged cross-platform capabilities for the different wireless devices6.9 Wireless CommunicationsWireless communications can be unreliable and slow, wireless-device bandwidth is about one fifth of the capabilities of a standard dial-up connectionGeneral packet radio services (GPRS) Enables devices to transmit data at speeds of up to 114 kbps Universal mobile telecommunications standard (UMTS)Will offer transfer speeds of up to 2 Mbps for wireless devicesSmart phonesMobile phones that send and receive both voice and data messagesUsed to securely send and receive secure mobile transactions 6.10 Location TrackingLocation trackingCan be used for navigation, such as GPS (Global Positioning System) devices installed in carsCan be used by shipping companies to track delivery trucks, giving customers more accurate tracking information and expected delivery timeCan also be used for targeted marketingGo2systems.com NEAR magazine6.10.1 Global Positioning System (GPS)Developed by the United States Department of Defense for military purposes, now used in commercial devices Standard Positioning Service (SPS) Precise Positioning Service (PPS)Uses satellites to track a user’s position (vertical and horizontal), velocity and the time in their locationSix circular orbits (four satellites per orbit), five ground stations and three antennas TriangulationThree (of four) satellites are used to determine the latitude, longitude and altitude of the receiver, the fourth satellite is used to check for errors in the triangulation 6.10.2 E911 ActFederal Trade Commission (FTC) E911 ActDesigned to standardize and enhance 911 service across mobile devices Improve emergency response time to 911 calls placed using cellular phones Requires all wireless cellular carriers to provide Automatic Number Information (ANI) Mandates that all mobile-phone carriers provide Automatic Location Identification (ALI) Disabilities Issues Task Force Provide hearing- and speech-impaired people with access to 911 service through mobile devices 6.10.2 E911 ActBenefitsEmergency response teams can accurately locate callers, improving response time Emergency response teams can accurately locate if a call is breaking up or the caller cannot be understood by the emergency operatorLocate friends nearbyObtain up-to-the-minute traffic information ChallengesConstant tracking abilities threaten privacyAdvertising and third party organization solicitation6.11 Future of Wireless InternetDecreasing cost and size of wireless phones and mobile devicesImproving technologyIncreasing number of devices made wirelessIncreased venture capitalist interest in wireless technology6.11.1 Implications for Disabled PeopleNavigational capabilities for people with visual disabilitiesCommunication between traffic signals and wireless deviceText displays of verbal communication for people with hearing disabilitiesClose-captioned broadcasting to television and radioPatients with Alzheimer’sExact location, the location of the nearest police station and contact information for family members 6.11.2 Ultimate Wireless DeviceCombination of all features of a mobile phone, PDA and two-way pager Camera for video telephony and photographyMake calls from anywhere in the world Send and receive e-mail in real-time, without having to dial into a service provider Maintain your address book, schedules, to-do lists, etc.Built-in GPS System