Bài giảng Fundamentals of human resource management - Chapter 4 Analyzing work and designing jobs

FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 5TH EDITIONBY R.A. NOE, J.R. HOLLENBECK, B. GERHART, AND P.M. WRIGHTCHAPTER 4 ANALYZING WORK AND DESIGNING JOBSWork Flow In OrganizationsFigure 4.1: Developing a Work Flow AnalysisJob AnalysisProcess of getting detailed information about jobs.Importance of Job AnalysisJob analysis is the building block of all HRM functions.Almost every HRM program requires some type of information determined by job analysis.Work redesignHR planningSelectionTrainingPerformance appraisalCareer planningJob evaluationFigure 4.5: Approaches to Job DesignDesigning Jobs That Motivate: The Job Characteristics ModelSkill variety – extent a job requires a variety of skills to carry out tasks involved.Task identity – degree a job requires completing a “whole” piece of work from beginning to end.Task significance – extent the job has an impact on people.Autonomy – degree the job allows an individual to make decisions about the way work will be carried out.Feedback - extent to a person receives clear information about performance effectiveness from the work itself.Figure 4.6: Characteristics of a Motivating JobDesigning Jobs That Motivate Job EnlargementDesigning Jobs That Motivate Flexible Work SchedulesEmployees may choose starting and ending times within guidelines.Work schedule that allows time for family and community interests.Two part-time employees complete tasks associated with a single job.Enables an organization to attract or retain employees who want time to attend to other matters.FlextimeJob SharingTelework –doing one’s work away from a centrally located officeDesigning Ergonomic JobsErgonomics – study of interface between individuals’ physiology and characteristics of physical work environment.Goal is to minimize physical strain on the worker by structuring physical work environment around the way the human body works.Redesigning work to make it more worker- friendly can lead to increased efficiencies.