Chapter 04: Elasticity

Price Elasticity of Demand Measures buyers’ responsiveness to price changes Elastic demand Sensitive to price changes Large change in quantity Inelastic demand Insensitive to price changes Small change in quantity

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Elasticity04McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Price Elasticity of DemandMeasures buyers’ responsiveness to price changesElastic demandSensitive to price changesLarge change in quantityInelastic demandInsensitive to price changesSmall change in quantityLO14-*Price Elasticity of Demand FormulaFormula for price elasticity of demand Ed = LO1Percentage Change in QuantityDemanded of Product XPercentage Change in Priceof Product X4-*Price Elasticity of Demand FormulaUse the midpoint formulaEnsures consistent results Change in quantity Change in price Sum of quantities / 2 Sum of prices / 2LO1Ed =÷4-*Price Elasticity of Demand FormulaUse percentagesUnit free measureCompare responsiveness across productsEliminate the minus signEasier to compare elasticitiesLO14-*Interpretation of Elasticity of Demand Ed > 1 demand is elastic Ed = 1 demand is unit elastic Ed 1)Elastic or relatively elasticQd changes by a larger percentage than does priceTotal revenue decreasesTotal revenue increasesEqual to 1(Ed = 1)Unit or unitary elasticQd changes by the same percentage as does priceTotal revenue is unchangedTotal revenue is unchangedLess than 1(Ed 1 supply is elasticEs 0) Negative (Exy 0) Negative (Ei<0)Quantity demanded of the product changes in same direction as change in incomeQuantity demanded of the product changes in opposite direction from change in incomeNormal or superiorInferior4-*