Kế toán doanh nghiệp - Chapter 9: XBRL

Chapter 9XBRLOutlineLearning objectivesPurpose & nature of XBRLTerminologyInstance document creationInternal controlLearning objectivesDefine the following terms as they relate to XBRL: extensible, specification, taxonomy, namespace, and instance document.Explain the history and structure of XBRL.Discuss ways XBRL can benefit organizations.Identify software tools for creating XBRL-tagged documents.Discuss internal control issues for XBRL.Purpose & nature of XBRLAcronymeXtensible Business Reporting LanguagePlatform-independent tool tagging toolProvides context for business reporting information—most often, financial informationPurpose & nature of XBRLImportant characteristicsOpen sourceExtensibleRequired for SEC reportingCan also be used for internal information, such as journal entriesLanguage—not a new set of GAAPOverseen by XBRL International (www.xbrl.org) TerminologyExtensibleUsers can add tags as needed.SpecificationXBRL is an example of a broader group of languages called XMLLike any language, XBRL has unique terms that are critical to understanding it.TerminologyTaxonomyAn organizational structure for XBRL tagsTwo broad typesAcknowledgedApprovedExamplesUS GAAP Taxonomy 2009US SEC Certification Taxonomy 2009XBRL Global Ledger TaxonomyLike any language, XBRL has unique terms that are critical to understanding it.Instance document creationDownload the data to a spreadsheet.Download the relevant taxonomy.Map the data to the taxonomy; that is, determine which tags are associated with which data.Tag the data with appropriate tagging software.Validate the document.File the document appropriately.See Figure 9.2 for a flowchart of these steps.Internal controlLike any form of information technology, XBRL requires strong internal controls.Existing IT (and other) controls can be adapted for XBRL applications.Daily data backupsFirewallsPeriodic user trainingDisaster recovery planInternal audit reviewCentralized approval process