Thư viện đồ án, luận văn, tiểu luận, luận án tốt nghiệp, thạc sĩ, tiến sĩ, cao học
Primitive economies had to resort to barter, a very inefficient method of trade. Barter first requires you to “want what the other person has” and the other person to “want what you have.” Once that is established, then the arguing about the terms of trade (how much of one for the other) begins.
23 trang | Chia sẻ: thanhlam12 | Ngày: 12/02/2019 | Lượt xem: 637 | Lượt tải: 0
Fiscal Policy Fiscal policy is the use of government taxes and spending to alter macroeconomic outcomes. The premise of fiscal policy is that the aggregate demand (AD) for goods and services will not always be compatible with economic stability.
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Macro Outcomes Macroeconomics is the study of the aggregate economy Macro outcomes include: Output: the total volume of goods and services produced (real GDP). Jobs: the levels of employment and unemployment. Prices: the average prices of goods and services.
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Macroeconomics Macroeconomics is the study of aggregate economic behavior, of the economy as a whole. A basic purpose of macroeconomic theory is to explain the business cycle. Macro policy tries to control the business cycle.
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Laissez Faire Adam Smith coined the phrase laissez faire in the late 1700s as a doctrine of “leave it alone,” or nonintervention by government in the market mechanism. Adam Smith wanted to establish the presumption of market efficiency.
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Income versus Leisure The opportunity cost of working is the amount of leisure time that must be given up in the process. People have to fit everything they do into 24-hour days. An extra hour of work must replace an hour of leisure.
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Monopoly Structure: Monopoly A monopoly is one firm that produces the entire market supply of a particular good or service. Because there is only one firm in a monopoly industry, the firm is the industry.
22 trang | Chia sẻ: thanhlam12 | Ngày: 14/01/2019 | Lượt xem: 683 | Lượt tải: 2
Market Structure The number and relative size of firms vary across industries. Most real-world firms fall somewhere along a spectrum that stretches from one extreme (powerless) to another (powerful).
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Supply Supply is the ability and willingness to sell (produce) specific quantities of a good at alternative prices in a given time period, ceteris paribus. Factors of Production Factors of production are the resource inputs used to produce goods and services. Such factors include land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship.
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Determinants of Demand What determines what we buy? The Sociopsychiatric Explanation. The Economic Explanation.
32 trang | Chia sẻ: thanhlam12 | Ngày: 14/01/2019 | Lượt xem: 666 | Lượt tải: 0