Purpose Tools Used Statements Ratio Analysis Limitations
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Basic Types of Models Balance Sheet Models Dividend Discount Models Price/Earning Ratios Estimating Growth Rates and Opportunities
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Fundamental Analysis Approach to Fundamental Analysis: Domestic and global economic analysis Industry analysis Company analysis Why use the top-down approach?
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Active strategy Trade on interest rate predictions Trade on market inefficiencies Passive strategy Control risk Balance risk and return
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The relationship between yield to maturity and maturity. Information on expected future short term rates can be implied from yield curve. The yield curve is a graph that displays the relationship between yield and maturity. Three major theories are proposed to explain the observed yield curve.
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Face or par value Coupon rate Zero coupon bond Compounding and payments Accrued Interest Indenture
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Do security prices reflect information ? Why look at market efficiency? Implications for business and corporate finance Implications for investment
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Returns on a security come from two sources Common macro-economic factor Firm specific events Possible common macro-economic factors Gross Domestic Product Growth Interest Rates
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ri = E(Ri) + ßiF + e ßi = index of a securities’ particular return to the factor F= some macro factor; in this case F is unanticipated movement; F is commonly related to security returns Assumption: a broad market index like the S&P500 is the common factor.
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It is the equilibrium model that underlies all modern financial theory. Derived using principles of diversification with simplified assumptions. Markowitz, Sharpe, Lintner and Mossin are researchers credited with its development.
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